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Nomenclature

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table

Common Prefixes: Carbonyl Families

The source lists common/trivial prefixes for related aldehydes, carboxylic acids, acyl chlorides and amides.

Prefix	Aldehyde	Carboxylic acid	Acyl chloride	Amide
Form	$HCHO$ formaldehyde	$HCOOH$ formic acid	$HCOCl$ formyl chloride	$HCONH_2$ formamide
Acet	$CH_3CHO$ acetaldehyde	$CH_3COOH$ acetic acid	$CH_3COCl$ acetyl chloride	$CH_3CONH_2$ acetamide
Propion	$CH_3CH_2CHO$ propion aldehyde	$CH_3CH_2COOH$ propionic acid	$CH_3CH_2COCl$ propionyl chloride	$CH_3CH_2CONH_2$ propionamide
Butyr	$CH_3CH_2CH_2CHO$ n-butyraldehyde	$CH_3CH_2CH_2COOH$ n-butyric acid	$CH_3CH_2CH_2COCl$ n-butyryl chloride	$CH_3CH_2CH_2CONH_2$ n-butyramide
Valer	$CH_3CH_2CH_2CH_2CHO$ n-valeraldehyde	$CH_3CH_2CH_2CH_2COOH$ n-valeric acid	$CH_3CH_2CH_2CH_2COCl$ n-valeryl chloride	$CH_3CH_2CH_2CH_2CONH_2$ n-valeramide
Acryl	$CH_2{=}CHCHO$ acrylaldehyde	$CH_2{=}CHCOOH$ acrylic acid	$CH_2{=}CHCOCl$ acrylyl chloride	$CH_2{=}CHCONH_2$ acrylamide
Croton	$CH_3CH{=}CHCHO$ crotonaldehyde	$CH_3CH{=}CHCOOH$ crotonic acid	$CH_3CH{=}CHCOCl$ crotonyl chloride	$CH_3CH{=}CHCONH_2$ crotonamide

Notes

Acryl has three carbons with one double bond; croton has four carbons with one double bond at the second carbon.